Traditionally, the diagnosis of GERD has relied on pH-metric studies, manometry, endoscopy, and a barium swallow as an imaging method. In these times of more personalized therapy for GERD, the pathology of GERD is characterized by the functional impairment of the lower esophageal sphincter, the crural diaphragm, a widened angle of His, and poor esophageal motility. The main cause is the dysfunction of the antireflux barrier, which is located at the gastroesophageal junction and includes many functional and anatomic components. Gastroesophageal reflux disease (GERD) is one of the most common diseases in the modern world, with a prevalence of up to 20%. Real-time MRI swallowing, as a noninvasive and nonionizing method, offers a new perspective for the combined anatomic and functional visualization of GERD, with the possibility of direct visualization of the surrounding structures.
In up to 93% of cases, the correct position of the fundoplication wrap could be determined 67% of malpositions were assessed, as well as all cases of wrap. Magnetic resonance swallowing is the only method that enables a direct view of the wrap itself. However, the main clinical indication is for evaluation of the cause of fundoplication failure in the postoperative patient who suffers new or recurrent symptoms. The MR diagnosis of GERD was concordant with the pH-metry in 82% of patients. Magnetic resonance swallowing is a new, simple, nonionizing radiological method used to confirm the diagnosis of GERD or any motility disorder. MethodsĪ search was carried out in the Medline database to identify relevant publications. This study aimed to summarize a new technology for magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) of swallowing in the evaluation of esophageal function and gastroesophageal reflux disease (GERD) as well as for postoperative imaging after antireflux surgery.
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